Main Types of Car Accidents

June 26, 2026 Car Accidents Written by Jeff Singer
Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

  • Rear-end, T-bone, and head-on collisions are among the most frequent crash types on Missouri roads.
  • Distracted driving, speeding, and impaired driving are the leading causes of crashes statewide.
  • Missouri law requires minimum liability coverage, but uninsured drivers leave injured victims with limited options.
  • Injured victims may recover medical expenses, lost wages, pain and suffering, and other damages after a crash.
  • Missouri follows a pure comparative fault system, meaning an injured victim may still recover compensation even if partially at fault, though recovery is reduced by their percentage of responsibility.

Every year, thousands of St. Louis drivers, passengers, and pedestrians are caught in crashes that change their lives in an instant. The road to recovery, physical and financial, depends on understanding the car accident types most common in Missouri and knowing what legal options are available after each one.

From the cause of the crash to the insurance coverage at play, every detail determines what a victim can recover. At Goldblatt + Singer, we can help you understand your rights, evaluate your case, and pursue the compensation you deserve under the law.

Statistics Regarding Car Accidents in Missouri

The data from Missouri’s roadways reveals a troubling reality. According to the recent data from the Missouri State Highway Patrol, there were 991 persons killed in traffic crashes statewide in a recent year, representing a six percent decrease from the prior year. Total crashes also declined by roughly one percent compared to the previous year, but the volume of serious collisions on Missouri roads remains significant.

Speed and alcohol continue to drive the deadliest outcomes. The Missouri State Highway Patrol reports that 39% of all fatal crashes involved speed, while 22.5% involved alcohol or drugs. Together, these two factors account for the majority of preventable deaths on roads each year, and they point directly to the behaviors most likely to cause a serious collision on St. Louis highways and city streets.

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Common Causes of Car Accidents

Most car accidents in St. Louis do not happen by chance; they result from specific, preventable behaviors.

The most frequent causes can include:

  • Distracted driving: Texting, adjusting navigation, or any activity that diverts attention from the road.
  • Speeding: Driving above posted limits or exceeding the speed for conditions reduces reaction time and leaves drivers unable to avoid obstacles. The faster a vehicle travels, the more severe the resulting injuries tend to be.
  • Impaired driving: Alcohol, prescription medications, and illegal substances all impair judgment, coordination, and response time. Even a small amount of impairment can be enough to cause a devastating collision.
  • Running red lights and Stop Signs: Intersection violations are a leading cause of T-bone and broadside collisions in urban areas like St. Louis. These crashes usually occur without warning, leaving victims little time to react.
  • Tailgating: Following too closely leaves no space to stop when traffic slows suddenly, making rear-end crashes nearly inevitable. Drivers who tailgate put everyone around them at risk.
  • Drowsy driving: Fatigued drivers, especially those operating commercial vehicles, exhibit reaction times comparable to impaired drivers. Long shifts and overnight routes make this a serious concern on Missouri highways.
  • Poor road conditions and weather: Ice, rain, fog, and poorly maintained surfaces increase crash risk significantly during Missouri winters and spring storm seasons. When road hazards contribute to a crash, liability may extend beyond the driver.

Understanding the cause of a crash matters legally. Fault, liability, and, in some cases, punitive damages may depend on the at-fault driver’s conduct.

car accident types

Most Common Types of Car Accidents

Not all collisions are alike. The type of crash affects the severity of injuries, the complexity of the liability analysis, and the damages a victim may recover. The most common car accident types can include:

  • Rear-end collisions: The most frequent collision type. One driver fails to stop in time and strikes the vehicle ahead. Whiplash, spinal injuries, and traumatic brain injury are common outcomes, and fault typically falls on the trailing driver.
  • Head-on collisions: Often the most deadly. Two vehicles traveling in opposite directions collide front-to-front, usually due to wrong-way driving, passing in a no-pass zone, or drifting across the center line.
  • T-Bone (side-impact) collisions: Happen when one vehicle strikes the side of another, frequently at intersections. The struck vehicle absorbs an enormous force, and occupants on the impacted side face a serious injury risk.
  • Sideswipe accidents: Vehicles traveling parallel to each other make contact, often during lane changes. These crashes can send vehicles into other lanes or off the road entirely.
  • Single-vehicle accidents: Involve only one car, typically after striking a guardrail, tree, or road obstacle. Other parties may still share liability, such as a municipality that failed to maintain a safe road.
  • Rollover accidents: SUVs and trucks are most susceptible. High-speed collisions or sharp maneuvers can cause a vehicle to tip and roll, resulting in severe or fatal injuries.
  • Hit-and-run accidents: A driver causes a crash and flees the scene. Missouri law requires drivers to remain at the scene, and leaving the scene exposes the at-fault driver to criminal liability in addition to civil claims.

Each collision type carries its own injury profile and fault analysis. Our car accident attorneys will identify what occurred, gather the evidence needed to establish liability, and build a case accordingly.

What Happens if the At-Fault Driver Doesn’t Have Insurance

Missouri law requires all motor vehicle owners to carry liability insurance. According to the Missouri Department of Revenue, the minimum required coverage is $25,000 per person for bodily injury, $50,000 per accident for bodily injury, and $25,000 per accident for property damage. Despite that requirement, thousands of Missouri drivers remain uninsured every year.

When an uninsured driver causes a crash, injured victims are not without options. If the injured party carries uninsured motorist (UM) coverage on their own policy, that coverage steps in to compensate for injuries the at-fault driver cannot pay. Underinsured motorist (UIM) coverage serves a similar purpose when the at-fault driver’s policy limits fall short of actual damages.

Filing a lawsuit directly against the uninsured driver is also possible, though collecting on a judgment against someone with no assets or coverage can be difficult in practice.

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Recoverable Damages in a Car Accident Case

The injuries resulting from different types of car accidents vary widely, and so do the damages available to injured victims. A successful claim in Missouri can recover compensation across two broad categories: economic and non-economic damages.

Economic damages cover the measurable financial losses tied directly to the crash. These may include past and future medical expenses, lost wages during recovery, reduced earning capacity if injuries affect long-term employment, rehabilitation costs, and out-of-pocket expenses such as transportation to medical appointments or in-home care.

Non-economic damages address the human toll of a serious collision. Pain and suffering, emotional distress, loss of enjoyment of life, and loss of consortium are all recoverable under Missouri law. In cases involving egregious recklessness, such as driving while intoxicated, courts may also award punitive damages. Missouri follows a pure comparative fault rule, meaning a victim’s compensation is reduced by their percentage of fault, but recovery is not barred unless they bear full responsibility.

Call Goldblatt + Singer for Your Free Case Review

After any car accident on St. Louis roads, time matters. Evidence fades, witnesses become harder to reach, and insurance companies move quickly to protect their own interests. Do not navigate that process alone.

Our attorneys at Goldblatt + Singer can review your case, answer your questions, and help you understand your options based on the specific car accident type involved. Contact us today at (314) 231-4100 for a free consultation.

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Jeffrey Singer

Jeff Singer, Managing Partner at Goldblatt + Singer for over a decade, is a seasoned personal injury attorney known for his compassionate yet tough advocacy. He has resolved hundreds of cases and recovered millions for clients. Recognized as a Missouri Super Lawyer and Top 100 National Trial Lawyer, Jeff also serves on the Missouri Bar’s Chief Disciplinary Committee and the Board of Governors for the Missouri Association of Trial Attorneys.

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This page has been created, edited, and reviewed by a team of legal writers following our thorough editorial guidelines. It was approved by our Founding Partner, Jeffrey Singer, who has over 30 years of experience as a personal injury attorney.